Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Targeting RARγ Decreases Immunosuppressive Macrophage Polarization and Reduces Tumor Growth

doi: 10.3390/molecules30153099

Figure Lengend Snippet: Suppression of M2 polarization through RARγ inhibition. ( A , B ) PMA-treated THP-1 cells were cultured in the M2 polarization-inducing medium containing IL-4 and IL-13, with or without the RARγ inhibitor LY-2955303. Cells were harvested and analyzed for M2 marker expression at the mRNA level for MRC1 , TGC , B7H1 , and IL-10 ( B ), and the protein level for CD206, TGM2, and PD-L1. ( C ) PMA-treated THP-1 cells were transfected with siRNA targeting RARγ and analyzed for protein expression of RARγ and M2 markers, including TGM2 and PDL-1. Statistical significance was expressed by asterisks (*, p < 0.05) compared with the untreated control, and by hashtags (#, p < 0.05) compared with the IL-4/IL-13-treated group.

Article Snippet: M0 THP-1 cells were transfected with siRNA targeting RARG or non-specific control siRNA (Bioneer, Daejeon, South Korea) using Lipofectamine RNAiMax Transfection reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Inhibition, Cell Culture, Marker, Expressing, Transfection, Control

Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Article Title: tRF Ala-AGC-3-M8 attenuates neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in Alzheimer’s disease via the EphA7-ERK 1/2 -p70S6K signaling pathway

doi: 10.1186/s13195-025-01734-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of tRF Ala−AGC−3−M8 on ERK 1/2 -p70S6K pathway in BV-2 cells. (A, I) qRT-PCR analysis of tRF Ala−AGC−3−M8 and EphA7 in BV-2 cells after transfection with tRF Ala−AGC−3−M8 -mimic or EphA7-siRNA (n = 6, biologically independent samples). (B-D, J-L) Western blot analysis of EphA7 and phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and p70S6K (T421/S424) in BV-2 cells (n = 6, biologically independent samples). (E, M) Representative light microscopy images of BV-2 cells morphological features; Scale bar: 75μm (overview), 20μm (insert). (F-H, N-P) Immunofluorescence localization an mean fluorescence intensity of iNOS in BV-2 cells ( n = 6, biologically independent samples); Scale bar: 75μm (overview), 20μm (insert); Statistical significance was assessed using Student’s test (A and I) and one-way ANOVA (D, L, G and O) (P values are indicated). All data are presented as the means ± SEM. Each data point represents the average of 3 technical replicates

Article Snippet: EphA7-targeting siRNA (EphA7-siRNA) and non-specific control siRNA (NC-siRNA), as well as chemically synthesized double-stranded tRF Ala-AGC-3-M8 mimic (tRF Ala-AGC-3-M8 -mimic) and non-specific control mimics (NC-mimic), were purchased from RIBOBIO Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Transfection, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics, Light Microscopy, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence

Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Article Title: tRF Ala-AGC-3-M8 attenuates neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in Alzheimer’s disease via the EphA7-ERK 1/2 -p70S6K signaling pathway

doi: 10.1186/s13195-025-01734-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of tRF Ala−AGC−3−M8 on ERK 1/2 -p70S6K pathway in HT22 cells. (A) qRT-PCR analysis of tRF Ala−AGC−3−M8 and EphA7 in HT22 cells after transfected with tRF Ala−AGC−3−M8 -mimic or EphA7-siRNA ( n = 6, biologically independent samples). (B-C) Western blot analysis of EphA7 expression and phosphorylation levels of ERK 1/2 and p70S6K (T421/S424) ( n = 6, biologically independent samples). (D) Representative image of HT22 morphological features; Scale bar: 75μm (overview), 20μm (insert). (E, F, G) Immunofluorescence localization and mean fluorescence intensity of p-tau (Red) in HT22 cells ( n = 6, biologically independent samples), p-tau was labelled with solid white line in zoomed-in immunofluorescence image; Scale bar: 75μm (overview), 20μm (insert); Statistical significance was assessed using Student’s test (A) and one-way ANOVA (C and F) (P values are indicated). All data are presented as the means ± SEM. Each data point represents the average of 3 technical replicates

Article Snippet: EphA7-targeting siRNA (EphA7-siRNA) and non-specific control siRNA (NC-siRNA), as well as chemically synthesized double-stranded tRF Ala-AGC-3-M8 mimic (tRF Ala-AGC-3-M8 -mimic) and non-specific control mimics (NC-mimic), were purchased from RIBOBIO Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Transfection, Western Blot, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence